WAMS State Estimation Considering Possible One-Step Delayed Measurements

Phasor Communication Delay in a large power system is indispensable. The delay can be mainly originated by the practical limitations of exploiting the communication line or the measurement units. In this paper, a linear Stochastic Delayed Kalman Filter (SDKF) is used for the wide-area measurement system (WAMS) application. It is considered that some or all information from the phasor measurement units (PMUs) may be received by a one-step delay. Therefore, the SDKF is utilized effectively to compensate for the influence of the wide-area monitoring system (WAMS) random delays on state estimation. To show the applicability of the SLKF, real-time simulations are carried out on the IEEE 14-bus benchmark via the OPAL-RT hardware. Real-time results show that the considered SLKF provides more accurate estimations than the conventional Kalman filter.