Cross-cultural adaptation of the Victorian institute of sports assessment-Hamstrings (VISA-H) questionnaire for Spanish speaking athletes with proximal hamstring tendinopathy

Objective: To cross-culturally adapt and validate the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment - Ham-strings (VISA-H) scale into Spanish. Design: Clinical measurement study (psychometric analysis). Setting: Sports clubs and physiotherapy clinics. Participants: The Spanish version of the VISA-H (VISA-H-Sp) scale was administered to 101 subjects: 50 healthy runners and 51 patients with a clinical diagnosis of PHT. Main measures: The Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment -Hamstrings. Results: Cronbach's alpha for the VISA-H-Sp was >0.8. The ICC 2,1 was 0.993 (95%CI 0.991-0.995). In the exploratory factor analysis, a one-factor solution explained 72.1% of the total variance. Athletes with PHT scored significantly lower in the VISA-H-Sp than healthy subjects (P < 0.001). The VISA-H-Sp score re-sults in the PHT group showed significant correlations with SF-36 physical components (Spearman r'>0.6; P < 0.001), and low or non-significant association with psychological dimensions. The standard error of measurement was 1.45 whereas the minimal detectable change was 4.02 points. The respon-siveness indicators included an effect size of 2.75, and a standardised response mean of 3.1 at discharge. Conclusion: The VISA-H-Sp shows adequate psychometric properties for assessing the severity of symptoms in Spanish-speaking athletes who suffer from PHT. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).