Changes in Tannin Composition of Syrah Grape Skins and Seeds during Fruit Ripening under Contrasting Water Conditions

被引:40
作者
Kyraleou, Maria [1 ]
Kallithraka, Stamatina [1 ]
Theodorou, Nikolaos [2 ]
Teissedre, Pierre-Louis [3 ,4 ]
Kotseridis, Yorgos [1 ]
Koundouras, Stefanos [2 ]
机构
[1] Agr Univ Athens, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lab Enol, 75 Iera Odos, GR-11855 Athens, Greece
[2] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Sch Agr, Lab Viticulture, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
[3] Univ Bordeaux, EA 4577, ISVV, Oenol, 210 Chemin Leysotte, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France
[4] INRA, ISVV, USC Oenol 1366, 210 Chemin Leysotte, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France
关键词
irrigation; proanthocyanidins; flavan-3-ols; galloylation; polymerization; prodelphinidins; terminal and extension subunits; VITIS-VINIFERA L; CABERNET-SAUVIGNON GRAPES; CELL-WALL COMPOSITION; BERRY DEVELOPMENT; PHENOLIC COMPOSITION; SENSORY PROPERTIES; SHIRAZ GRAPES; RED WINES; PERCEIVED ASTRINGENCY; IRRIGATION REGIME;
D O I
10.3390/molecules22091453
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Tannin accumulation and composition were determined in skins and seeds isolated from Vitis vinifera cv. Syrah grapes submitted to contrasting water regimes under semiarid climatic conditions. Three irrigation treatments were conducted, starting at berry set through harvest of two growing seasons, 2011 and 2012: irrigation at 100% of crop evapotranspiration ETc (FI), irrigation at 50% of ETc (DI) and non-irrigated (NI). Seed total tannins did not vary with maturity but those of skins underwent a progressive decline (especially in 2011), expressed both on a fresh weight and on a per berry basis. Skin total tannin concentration and content per berry were increased under NI and DI conditions, mainly in 2012. In contrast, seed total tannins (in 2012) and flavan-3-ol monomers and tannin oligomers (both years) were higher in the fully irrigated vines (FI). Skin polymer size increased during ripening, NI and DI skins showing higher mean degree of polymerization (mDP) compared to FI at harvest. NI was also associated with a lower percentage of galloylation (%G) in skin oligomeric fraction (in 2012) and a lower percentage of prodelphinidins in the skin polymeric fraction (both years) at harvest. The mDP and %G of seed extracts did not vary during ripening and were higher in NI but only in 2012. According to the results, management of vine water status was shown to influence tannin amount and composition of Syrah grapes grown under semiarid conditions.
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页数:18
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