Through a qualitative review of the leadership literature, we derive two fundamental principles for codifying the last century of leadership theory and research: the locus and mechanism of leadership. Our systematic review and categorization of past theories suggests that further development of the follower, collective and context loci, and the affect mechanism is needed. Building on these insights, we propose that by simultaneously considering all live loci and four mechanisms in their theories, leadership scholars can advance a more comprehensive and integrative understanding of the leadership phenomenon. We then demonstrate the potential of using the locus and mechanism framework for examining and expanding current and future leadership theory including work on shared and strategic leadership. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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Univ Manchester, Alliance Manchester Business Sch, Manchester M15 6PB, Lancs, EnglandUniv Manchester, Alliance Manchester Business Sch, Manchester M15 6PB, Lancs, England
Lee, Allan
Martin, Robin
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Univ Manchester, Alliance Manchester Business Sch, Manchester M15 6PB, Lancs, EnglandUniv Manchester, Alliance Manchester Business Sch, Manchester M15 6PB, Lancs, England
Martin, Robin
Thomas, Geoff
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Univ Surrey, Surrey Business Sch, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, EnglandUniv Manchester, Alliance Manchester Business Sch, Manchester M15 6PB, Lancs, England
Thomas, Geoff
Guillaume, Yves
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Aston Univ, Aston Business Sch, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, EnglandUniv Manchester, Alliance Manchester Business Sch, Manchester M15 6PB, Lancs, England
Guillaume, Yves
Maio, Gregory R.
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Cardiff Univ, Sch Psychol, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, S Glam, WalesUniv Manchester, Alliance Manchester Business Sch, Manchester M15 6PB, Lancs, England
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Univ Birmingham, Birmingham Business Sch, Birmingham B15 2TX, W Midlands, EnglandUniv Birmingham, Birmingham Business Sch, Birmingham B15 2TX, W Midlands, England
Kempster, Steve
Jackson, Brad
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Univ Auckland, Sch Business, Auckland 1, New ZealandUniv Birmingham, Birmingham Business Sch, Birmingham B15 2TX, W Midlands, England
Jackson, Brad
Conroy, Mervyn
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Univ Birmingham, Hlth Serv Management Ctr, Sch Social Policy, Birmingham B15 2TX, W Midlands, EnglandUniv Birmingham, Birmingham Business Sch, Birmingham B15 2TX, W Midlands, England