Accuracy Assessment Study for Kinematic GPS-PPP Using Single- and Dual-Frequency Observations with Various Software Packages

Precise point positioning (PPP) has been used for the last decade as a cost-effective alternative for the ordinary differential GPS with an estimated precision sufficient for many applications. PPP requires collecting observations at the unknown station and correcting them for different types of errors using proper models and products. PPP precision varies based on observation type (single or dual frequency) and the duration of observations among other factors. This research presents an evaluation study for the variability of kinematic GPS-PPP precision based on different observation types (single and dual frequency) with two different software packages.