Outcomes of Breast Conservation Surgery and Modified Radical Mastectomy After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Iranian women. The treatment of locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is an important issue in ongoing studies. There is controversy about the ideal treatment in available studies. Objectives: We aimed at comparing the local recurrence rate and disease-free survival in patients with LABC in breast-conserving therapy (BCT) and modified radical mastectomy (MRM) groups after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: In this cohort, we analyzed the data of patients with LABC referred to the cancer research center of Shohada-E-Tajrish Hospital. Patients were categorized into two groups of BCT and MRM. Different parameters were recorded and compared between the two groups. Endpoint outcome measures were defined as survival rate and local recurrence rate. Results: Generally, 115 patients with an average age of 48.23 years in BCT and 48.76 years in the MRM group were included. Hormone consumption history showed a significant difference between the two surgery groups (P = 0.032). Twenty-one patients (18.26%) showed local recurrence. The disease-free survival rate did not differ between the two surgery groups (P = 0.250). The association of survival was only significant with cigarette smoking (P = 0.041). Conclusions: BCT after neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed an identical disease-free survival rate compared to MRM and did not show lower survival or higher recurrence rate in comparison to radical mastectomy.