Comparative Study of Efficiency Enhancement Technologies in 5G Networks - A survey

Mobile communication technologies are tremendously grown in the last few years. With the advent of the fifth generation of wireless networks, and with millions of base stations and billions of connected devices, the need for spectral and energy-efficient system design will be more convincing. In this paper, the evolution of mobile communication networks starting from first-generation to the fifth generation with comparative studies are first introduced. Then, summarizing the recent research initiatives towards the next generation, 5G, evolution. The main requirements of 5G networks and emerging technologies are highlighted. Furthermore, an overview of several technologies that might be used to achieve the 5G requirements including Massive-MIMO, Millimetre-waves, beamforming, fullduplex, and Small-Cells are explained. Finally, a comparative analysis survey of Spectral Efficiency (SE) and Energy-Efficiency (EE) based Massive MIMO techniques is introduced as a key contribution of this review article. Good trade-off conditions between EE and SE technologies based on various algorithms are explained with comparative analysis. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.