The association of endogenous sex steroids and sex steroid binding proteins with mammographic density: Results from the postmenopausal estrogen/progestin interventions mammographic density study

被引:89
作者
Greendale, GA
Palla, SL
Ursin, G
Laughlin, GA
Crandall, C
Pike, MC
Reboussin, BA
机构
[1] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Div Geriatr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
[2] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA
[3] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Norris Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
[4] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
[5] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Gen Internal Med & Hlth Sci Res, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
关键词
breast neoplasms; mammography; menopause; receptors; steroid; risk factors;
D O I
10.1093/aje/kwi286
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Mammographic density is an independent risk factor for breast cancer. In postmenopausal women, higher levels of endogenous sex steroids are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Limited prior data suggest that endogenous sex steroids either are not associated (total estradiol and progesterone) or are negatively associated (free estradiol) with higher mammographic density. To analyze the associations between endogenous sex steroids and mammographic density, the authors conducted a 1998-2005 cross-sectional analysis of baseline clinical trial data from the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Trial for US women who had not used hormone therapy for at least 3.1 months prior to baseline. In models adjusted for age, body mass index, parity, prior use of hormone therapy, time since last use of hormone therapy, and the interaction between prior hormone therapy use and time since last hormone therapy use, higher levels of estrone (beta = 0.0013, p = 0.014), estradiol (beta = 0.0009, p = 0.009), and bioavailable estradiol (beta = 0.0021, p = 0.018) were statistically significantly related to greater mammographic density. (Beta coefficients express the increment in mammographic density per-unit increment (pg/ml) of each hormone.) These results suggest that some sex steroids may increase the risk of breast cancer by stimulating breast epithelial or stromal proliferation, which appears on a mammogram as higher density.
引用
收藏
页码:826 / 834
页数:9
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