Clinical characteristics of ovarian torsion and high-risk factor analysis for ovarian necrosis

Objective: Ovarian torsion is a common gynecological condition significantly affecting the health and fertility of women. Therefore, this study discussed the clinical characteristics of ovarian torsion and the high-risk factors for ovarian torsion and necrosis. Methods: Clinical data of 95 patients with ovarian torsion were analyzed, of which 78 patients diagnosed with complete ovarian torsion (>= 360 degrees) were categorized into two groups based on the pathological diagnosis: the ovarian necrosis group (24 patients) and the ovarian non-necrosis group (54 patients). Results: Age, ovarian torsion degree, preoperative fever incidence, proportion of bluish-purple ovaries, and ovarian necrosis rate of the patients undergoing adnexectomy were significantly higher than those of patients undergoing cystectomy (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that ovarian torsion time and torsion degree were high-risk factors for ovarian necrosis (P < 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the rate of ovarian necrosis was significantly higher in cases with less than 24 h of torsion than in those with longer than 48 h of torsion [odds ratio (OR) = 7.925, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.192-28.654]. The necrosis rate with a torsion degree of < 720 degrees would be significantly lower than that with a torsion degree of >= 720 degrees (OR = 4.985, 95% CI: 1.274-19.512). Conclusion: The longer the ovarian torsion time and the greater the ovarian torsion degree, the higher will be the possibility of ovarian necrosis. Once ovarian torsion is suspected, surgical treatment should be initiated actively.