Foreign Body Aspiration in Egyptian Children Clinical, Radiological and Bronchoscopic Findings

Purpose: Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a frequent cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of FBA is challenging in the absence of a witnessed aspiration event. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of presenting symptoms as well as physical and radiologic findings as predictors of FBA in children. Thus, indications for bronchoscopy could be determined in such cases. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the ENT department, Kafrelsheikh University Hospital. The medical records of patients younger than 16 years old who underwent rigid bronchoscopy for suspected FBA were included. Data including age, gender, symptoms, physical examination findings, radiological features, nature and location of foreign body, and outcome of the bronchoscopy were collected. Results: This study included 130 patients, 105 (80.8%) patients were positive for the presence of a foreign body in their airways. Foreign bodies were most frequently (43.8%) lodged in the right main bronchus, and nuts (66.7%), were the most commonly retrieved. Multivariate regression analysis identified the presence of suggestive signs or symptoms as independent predictors of FBA on rigid bronchoscopy. Conclusion: Objective finding of clinical signs eg unilateral wheezes on chest examination in the presence of symptoms such as a sudden cough, dyspnea, and hoarseness could predict FBA and help physicians in deciding bronchoscopy.