Effect of phosphorous acid and urea on electrodeposited CoNiP magnetic films

The properties of hard magnetic CoNiP films electrodeposited in the presence of urea as additive and phosphorous acid as a precursor with varying concentrations were studied with respect to thickness of the films. Films were electrodeposited in various current densities and for different time in order to get different thickness and uniform deposits. Elemental composition of the films was obtained using atomic absorption spectrometry. Vibrating sample magnetometric studies indicate that additives has favourable impact on the magnetic properties of these films. Structural and surface analysis was carried out using X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy respectively. Reasons for variation in magnetic properties and structural characteristics are discussed. Hardness and adhesion of the films were also studied.