A Rare Case of Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patient

Post bone marrow transplant patients are susceptible to atypical infections, especially viral pathogens. The risk increases many folds in cases of allogeneic transplantation, which also receive GVHD prophylaxis. Viral pathogens like cytomegalovirus and herpes are the common ones encountered during follow-up period. However, in recent times there have been reports of a variety of disease manifestations of rare viruses like polyoma virus and adenovirus. These viral infections may play a crucial role in morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. We hereby elaborate the follow-up course of a 36-year-old post allogeneic transplant patient of acute myeloid leukemia who developed adenovirus related haemorrhagic cystitis. Treatment with oral ribavirin lead to dramatic improvement in symptomatology within a week. This cases re-emphasizes the fact that after ruling out the commoner pathogens, it's of utmost importance to strongly consider the atypical pathogens in such cases.