In this paper, the ultimate crushing displacement Y-1 and load Y-2 of the coated fertilizer granules were obtained by uniaxial compression test as 0.450 mm and 58.668 N, respectively. The Plackett-Burman and Steepest ascent tests were taken to determine factors that had significant effects on the results and their ranges of values, respectively. Finally, the Particle Swarm Optimization - Back Propagation (PSO-BP) neural network was trained, and the correlation coefficients of training, validation, testing and overall performance were obtained as 0.98057, 0.95781, 0.96724 and 0.97459, respectively. The Y-1 and Y-2 are 0.450 mm and 58.703N, with a relative error of 0.06% from the actual value.