Silencing chromatin: comparing modes and mechanisms

被引：281
作者：
Beisel, Christian [1 ]
Paro, Renato [1 ,2 ]
机构：
[1] ETH, Dept Biosyst Sci & Engn, Zurich, Switzerland
[2] Univ Basel, Fac Sci, D BSSE, ETH Zurich, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
来源：
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS | 2011年 / 12卷 / 02期
关键词：
EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; POLYCOMB-GROUP PROTEINS; DROSOPHILA BITHORAX COMPLEX; METHYLATED HISTONE H3; ANTISENSE NONCODING RNA; TARGET GENES; DEVELOPMENTAL REGULATORS; RESPONSE ELEMENTS; DNA METHYLATION; METHYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY;
D O I：
10.1038/nrg2932
中图分类号：
Q3 [遗传学];
学科分类号：
071007 ; 090102 ;
摘要：
Recent transcriptome analyses show that substantial proportions of eukaryotic genomes can be copied into RNAs, many of which do not encode protein sequences. However, cells have developed mechanisms to control and counteract the high transcriptional activity of RNA polymerases in order to achieve cell-specific gene activity or to prevent the expression of deleterious sequences. Here we compare how two silencing modes - the Polycomb system and heterochromatin - are targeted, established and maintained at different chromosomal locations and how DNA-binding proteins and non-coding RNAs connect these epigenetically stable and heritable structures to the sequence information of the DNA.
引用
收藏
页码：123 / 135
页数：13
相关论文
共 137 条
[11]   The MT domain of the proto-oncoprotein MLL binds to CpG-containing DNA and discriminates against methylation [J].
Birke, M ;
Schreiner, S ;
García-Cuéllar, MP ;
Mahr, K ;
Titgemeyer, F ;
Slany, RK .
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH, 2002, 30 (04) :958-965
[12]   Efficient and specific targeting of polycomb group proteins requires cooperative interaction between grainyhead and pleiohomeotic [J].
Blastyák, A ;
Mishra, RK ;
Karch, F ;
Gyurkovics, H .
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, 2006, 26 (04) :1434-1444
[13]   A Reconfigured Pattern of MLL Occupancy within Mitotic Chromatin Promotes Rapid Transcriptional Reactivation Following Mitotic Exit [J].
Blobel, Gerd A. ;
Kadauke, Stephan ;
Wang, Eric ;
Lau, Alan W. ;
Zuber, Johannes ;
Chou, Margaret M. ;
Vakoc, Christopher R. .
MOLECULAR CELL, 2009, 36 (06) :970-983
[14]   Polycomb complexes repress developmental regulators in murine embryonic stem cells [J].
Boyer, LA ;
Plath, K ;
Zeitlinger, J ;
Brambrink, T ;
Medeiros, LA ;
Lee, TI ;
Levine, SS ;
Wernig, M ;
Tajonar, A ;
Ray, MK ;
Bell, GW ;
Otte, AP ;
Vidal, M ;
Gifford, DK ;
Young, RA ;
Jaenisch, R .
NATURE, 2006, 441 (7091) :349-353
[15]   Genome-wide mapping of Polycomb target genes unravels their roles in cell fate transitions [J].
Bracken, AP ;
Dietrich, N ;
Pasini, D ;
Hansen, KH ;
Helin, K .
GENES & DEVELOPMENT, 2006, 20 (09) :1123-1136
[16]   THE PRODUCT OF THE MOUSE XIST GENE IS A 15 KB INACTIVE X-SPECIFIC TRANSCRIPT CONTAINING NO CONSERVED ORF AND LOCATED IN THE NUCLEUS [J].
BROCKDORFF, N ;
ASHWORTH, A ;
KAY, GF ;
MCCABE, VM ;
NORRIS, DP ;
COOPER, PJ ;
SWIFT, S ;
RASTAN, S .
CELL, 1992, 71 (03) :515-526
[17]   Drosophila PIWI associates with chromatin and interacts directly with HP1a [J].
Brower-Toland, Brent ;
Findley, Seth D. ;
Jiang, Ling ;
Liu, Li ;
Yin, Hang ;
Dus, Monica ;
Zhou, Pei ;
Elgin, Sarah C. R. ;
Lin, Haifan .
GENES & DEVELOPMENT, 2007, 21 (18) :2300-2311
[18]   THE HUMAN XIST GENE - ANALYSIS OF A 17 KB INACTIVE X-SPECIFIC RNA THAT CONTAINS CONSERVED REPEATS AND IS HIGHLY LOCALIZED WITHIN THE NUCLEUS [J].
BROWN, CJ ;
HENDRICH, BD ;
RUPERT, JL ;
LAFRENIERE, RG ;
XING, Y ;
LAWRENCE, J ;
WILLARD, HF .
CELL, 1992, 71 (03) :527-542
[19]  
Brown JWS, 2005, NUCLEIC ACIDS RES, V33, pD633, DOI 10.1093/nar/gki052
[20]   The distribution of polycomb-group proteins during cell division and development in Drosophila embryos:: Impact on models for silencing [J].
Buchenau, P ;
Hodgson, J ;
Strutt, H ;
Arndt-Jovin, DJ .
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY, 1998, 141 (02) :469-481
12345678910