A CROWN-GROUP DEMOSPONGE FROM THE EARLY CAMBRIAN SIRIUS PASSET BIOTA, NORTH GREENLAND

被引：28

作者：

Botting, Joseph P. ^{[1
]}

Cardenas, Paco ^{[2
]}

Peel, John S. ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

[2] Uppsala Univ, Dept Systemat Biol, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden

[3] Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci Palaeobiol, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden

来源：

PALAEONTOLOGY | 2015年 / 58卷 / 01期

基金：

瑞典研究理事会;

关键词：

Porifera; sponge; Demospongiae; molecular clocks; SPONGE SPICULES; CHINA; CLASSIFICATION; LAGERSTATTE; SYSTEMATICS; ARTHROPOD; PHYLOGENY; PORIFERA;

D O I：

10.1111/pala.12133

中图分类号：

Q91 [古生物学];

学科分类号：

0709 ; 070903 ;

摘要：

Calibration of the divergence times of sponge lineages and understanding of their phylogenetic history are hampered by the difficulty in recognizing crown versus stem groups in the fossil record. A new specimen from the lower Cambrian (Series 2, Stage 3; approximately 515Ma) Sirius Passet Biota of North Greenland has yielded a diagnostic spicule assemblage of the extant demosponge lineages Haploscleromorpha and/or Heteroscleromorpha. The specimen has disarticulated approximately in situ, but represents an individual sponge that possessed monaxon spicules combined with a range of slightly smaller sigma, toxa and unique spiral morphologies. The combination of spicule forms, together with their relatively large size, suggests that the sponge represents the stem lineage of Haploscleromorpha+Heteroscleromorpha. This is the first crown-group demosponge described from the early Cambrian and provides the most reliable calibration point currently available for phylogenetic studies.

引用

页码：35 / 43

页数：9

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