Does biochar interfere with standard methods for determining soil microbial biomass and phenotypic community structure?

Due to its high sorption affinity for organic compounds, biochar may interfere with extraction procedures involving such compounds used for microbially-related assays commonly applied to soils. Here we assessed the impact of two biochars (derived from pine bark and produced at 300 and 600 degrees C) at three concentrations (0, 12.5, and 50 g kg(-1)) in three distinct arable soils with contrasting textural classes (loamy sand, sandy loam, and clay) on the determination of soil microbial biomass C by fumigation extraction, fungal biomass by ergosterol analysis, and microbial community structure as defined by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiling. Biochar did not affect the apparent concentration of soil microbial biomass C and had no significant impact on apparent PLFA profiles. By contrast, the apparent extraction efficiency of ergosterol was affected dependent on soil type, biochar production temperature, and biochar concentration. Nonetheless, ergosterol contents of biochar-amended soils can be accurately estimated by correcting for reduced recovery using an ergosterol spike. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.