Timing of Surgery for Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures and Early Postoperative Results

Background: Pediatric supracondylar humerus fracture (PSHF) is one of the most common fractures of the elbow seen among boys aged between 5 and 7 years. The timing of surgical treatment for this type of fracture is still controversial. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether the timing of surgery for PSHFs affects the incidence of early postoperative complications and reduction of PSHFs. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of PSHF patients who underwent surgery at our hospital between January 2007 and March 2019. We classified patients who underwent surgery within 12 h and more than 12 h after the fracture as the early and delayed groups, respectively. The outcome measures compared between the two groups were the incidence of postoperative early complications such as neurological deficits, including iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury, vascular compromise, compartment syndrome, K-wire migration, and unplanned returns to the operating room. We also examined surgical time, reduction procedure, and perioperative radiographic parameters. Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of early complications between the early and delayed groups for either modified Gartland type II or type Ill fractures. There was also no significant difference in surgical time, reduction procedure, or perioperative radiographic parameters between the two groups. Conclusions: Delayed surgery was not associated with an increased rate of postoperative early complications in either type II or type III fractures. The timing of surgery does not affect the difficulty or quality of reduction.