The fencing lunge: analysis of load distribution to the lower limbs and gender-related differences in young fencers in relation to accident prevention

Aim. The lunge movement in fencing generates a different force to the two lower extremities. Knowledge of this difference holds importance for reducing the risk of injury, especially among young fencers. The aim of this study was to measure the forces generated to the lower limbs and to determine whether they differed by gender. Methods. The forces generated by the fencing lunge and the countermovement jump were measured using two force platforms and an accelerometer, supported by dedicated software for data analysis. Results. Statistically significant differences in peak concentric force and the ground reaction force emerged between the male and female fencers (P <0.05). Comparison of the values recorded for the two movements showed that values for the push leg differed on both the lunge (an asymmetrical movement) and the CM) (a symmetrical movement). Conclusion. Fencing is an asymmetrical sport that produces differences in neuromuscular and functional adaptations in the lower limbs which can influence strength and control demanded by the lunge movement. With muscle conditionning and specific training, this functional asymmetry can be reduced in fencers.