Experimental and numerical analyses of temperature effect on glare panels under quasi-static perforation

The purpose of this work is to experimentally and numerically analyse the quasi-static perforation of fibre metal laminates (FML) at elevated temperatures. Quasi-static experimental tests were conducted on the FML panels at temperatures of 30, 70 and 110 degrees C. Explicit nonlinear code LS-DYNA was then employed to develop the finite element model of the FML with Johnson-Cook material model for the aluminium, Chang-Chang material model for the GFRP and cohesive zone model with bilinear traction separation law for the epoxy adhesive. The majority of energy dissipation is contributed by aluminium plastic deformation, with a small fraction by adhesive delamination and GFRP fibre breakage and matrix cracking. A higher temperature degrades the cohesive and GFRP material by a larger degree compared to aluminium. The FE modelling methodology proposed herein provides the means to simulate, predict and analyse the quasi-static perforation of FMLs with consideration of temperature effects.