Marginality and Problem-Solving Effectiveness in Broadcast Search

被引：702

作者：

Jeppesen, Lars Bo ^{[1
]}

Lakhani, Karim R. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Copenhagen Business Sch, Dept Innovat & Org Econ, DK-2000 Copenhagen, Denmark

[2] Harvard Univ, Sch Business, Technol & Operat Management Unit, Boston, MA 02163 USA

来源：

ORGANIZATION SCIENCE | 2010年 / 21卷 / 05期

关键词：

open innovation; problem solving; marginality; gender; broadcast search; INNOVATION; KNOWLEDGE; COMPLEX;

D O I：

10.1287/orsc.1090.0491

中图分类号：

C93 [管理学];

学科分类号：

12 ; 1201 ; 1202 ; 120202 ;

摘要：

We examine who the winners are in science problem-solving contests characterized by open broadcast of problem information, self-selection of external solvers to discrete problems from the laboratories of large research and development intensive companies, and blind review of solution submissions. Analyzing a unique data set of 166 science challenges involving over 12,000 scientists revealed that technical and social marginality, being a source of different perspectives and heuristics, plays an important role in explaining individual success in problem solving. The provision of a winning solution was positively related to increasing distance between the solver's field of technical expertise and the focal field of the problem. Female solvers-known to be in the "outer circle" of the scientific establishment-performed significantly better than men in developing successful solutions. Our findings contribute to the emerging literature on open and distributed innovation by demonstrating the value of openness, at least narrowly defined by disclosing problems, in removing barriers to entry to nonobvious individuals. We also contribute to the knowledge-based theory of the firm by showing the effectiveness of a market mechanism to draw out knowledge from diverse external sources to solve internal problems.

引用

页码：1016 / 1033

页数：18

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