Surgical interventions for diaphyseal fractures of the radius and ulna in children

Background Diaphyseal forearm fractures in children are a common injury usually resulting from a fall. The treatment options include non-surgical intervention (manipulation and application of cast) and surgical options such as internal fixation with intramedullary nails or with plate and screws. Objectives To assess the effects (benefits and harms) of a) surgical versus non-surgical interventions, and b) different surgical interventions for the fixation of diaphyseal fractures of the forearm bones in children. Search strategy We searched the Cochrane Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Group Specialised Register (March 2011), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochran Library, 2011 Issue 1), MEDLINE (1948 to February week 4 2011), EMBASE (1980 to 2011 week 09), trial registers and reference lists of articles. Selection criteria Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials that compared surgical with non-surgical intervention, or different types of surgical intervention for the fixation of diaphyseal forearm fractures in children. Data collection and analysis All review authors independently examined the search results to identify trials for inclusion. Main results After screening of 163 citations, we identified 15 potentially eligible studies of which 14 were excluded and one is an ongoing trial. There were thus no studies suitable for inclusion in this review. Authors' conclusions There is a lack of evidence from randomised controlled trials to inform on when surgery is required and what type of surgery is best for treating children with fractures of the shafts of the radius, ulna or both bones.