First measurements of low-energy cosmic rays on the surface of the lunar farside from Chang'E-4 mission

被引：8
作者：
Luo, Pengwei [1 ,2 ]
Zhang, Xiaoping [1 ,2 ]
Fu, Shuai [1 ,2 ]
Li, Yong [1 ,2 ]
Li, Cunhui [3 ]
Cao, Jinbin [4 ]
机构：
[1] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Lunar & Planetary Sci, Macau, Peoples R China
[2] CNSA Macau Ctr Space Explorat & Sci, Macau, Peoples R China
[3] Lanzhou Inst Phys, Sci & Technol Vacuum Technol & Phys Lab, Lanzhou, Peoples R China
[4] Beihang Univ, Sch Space & Environm, Beijing, Peoples R China
来源：
SCIENCE ADVANCES | 2022年 / 8卷 / 02期
基金：
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词：
ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; MAGNETIC-ANOMALIES; RADIATION; SPACE; PROPAGATION; HELIUM; OXYGEN; MOON; ACCELERATION; ENVIRONMENT;
D O I：
10.1126/sciadv.abk1760
中图分类号：
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号：
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要：
Human activities on the lunar surface are severely constrained by the space radiation dominated by cosmic rays (CRs). Here, we report the first measurements of the low-energy (about 10 to 100 MeV/nuc) CR spectra on the lunar surface from China's Chang'E-4 (CE-4) mission around the solar minimum 24/25. The results show that for the proton, helium, CNO, and heavy-ion groups, the ratios (ratio errors) of the CE-4 fluxes to those from the near-earth spacecraft are 1.05 (0.15), 1.30 (0.18), 1.08 (0.16), and 1.24 (0.21), respectively, and to those predicted by the models [CREME96 and CREME2009] are instead [1.69 (0.17), 2.25 (0.23)], [1.66 (0.17), 1.76 (0.18)], [1.08 (0.11), 1.07 (0.11)], and [1.33 (0.18), 1.17 (0.15)]. Moreover, a notable enhancement of He-3/He-4 ratio is observed at similar to 12 MeV/nuc, and the CR dawn-dusk symmetry is confirmed. These results provide valuable insights into the CRs on the lunar farside surface and will benefit future lunar exploration.
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页数：12
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