Treatment of metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome is defined by the simultaneous presence of abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipoproteinemia, high blood pressure and increased fasting blood glucose. It is an important precursor of cardiovascular disease sequelae and shows epidemic proportions, not only in western countries. Modifications of lifestyle are central for treatment: negative energy balance with increased physical activity, a prudent balance of nutrients with carbohydrates, proteins and fats, considering atherogenic lipid profiles, blood pressure and the glycemic index of nutrients. Decisive for the implementation is the incorporation of long-term programs with continuous guidance, preferably in group therapy and targeting all individual risk factors. The introduction of sodium-glucose linked transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor agonists and modern mineralocorticoid receptor blockers has resulted in new options for the effective prevention of sequelae.