Development of mechanical heart devices

Background. A succinct, historical review of developments in mechanical devices to assist the failing heart is provided. Methods. A number of methods of mechanical devices to assist the failing heart are briefly assessed. Personal experimental and clinical studies of devices developed over several decades are presented. Results. Findings and data of devices used in assisting the failing heart, including those developed by the author, are analyzed. Conclusions. On the basis of this review, the left ventricular assist device is believed to be the most effective. There is also reason to believe that the axial flow system has considerable advantages. This form of therapy has potentially great value for permanent use in some patients with intractable heart failure. (c) 2005 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons.