Increasing Mammography and Cervical Cancer Knowledge and Screening Behaviors With an Educational Program

被引:32
作者
Kessler, Theresa A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Valparaiso Univ, Coll Nursing, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA
关键词
KOREAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; OLDER WOMEN; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; HISPANIC WOMEN; HEALTH BELIEFS; PERCEIVED RISK; SELF-EFFICACY; UNITED-STATES; BREAST; PREDICTORS;
D O I
10.1188/12.ONF.61-68
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Purpose/Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of using an educational program based on self-efficacy to increase knowledge and create behavior change regarding recommended mammography and Papanicolaou (Pap) test screening guidelines. Design: Pretest and post-test, prospective. Setting: An urban county in northern Indiana. Sample: 56 women who attended one of four educational programs and 47 women who responded 15 months later. Methods: The one-hour educational programs based on self-efficacy included vicarious experiences and verbal persuasion regarding breast and cervical screening practices. Two programs were offered to local church groups as part of a health fair, and two were offered through health promotion initiatives sponsored by private businesses. Main Research Variables: Demographics, knowledge of breast and cervical cancer, and screening behaviors. Findings: Knowledge of risk and screening guidelines increased significantly immediately following the educational program (p < 0.001) and did not decrease significantly 15 months later (p = 0.57). Family history and history of human papillomavirus and sexually transmitted diseases were the top known risk factors for breast and cervical cancers, respectively. Participant-reported rates of screening behaviors increased 15 months later for mammography (100%) and Pap test (84%). Conclusions: Educational interventions based on self-efficacy increased knowledge of breast and cervical health and helped increase the rate of mammography and Pap tests. Implications for Nursing: Preparing women with strategies to complete a mammogram and Pap test is an important approach to enhancing self-efficacy and increasing screening behaviors.
引用
收藏
页码:61 / 68
页数:8
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