Nowadays, human society is transforming from industrial civilization to new civilization. The rapid development of China has encountered tremendous pressure and challenges of resources and environment. We need a revolution in ideas to change the mode of economic development. With such a background, the eighteenth national congress of the CPC has proposed the ecological civilization construction, and that it is significant to bring ecological civilization into Chinese socialism's "five in one" general layout. To push forward the construction of ecological civilization, we should clear the overall requirements of ecological civilization construction, adhere to the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment, and perfect the institutional system of ecological civilization.