Prevention of injury by resveratrol in a rat model of adenine-induced chronic kidney disease

Purpose: To investigate the preventive effect of resveratrol against renal pathological changes in a rat model of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: CKD was induced by daily intragastric administration of adenine (200 mg/kg) for 1 month. The effect of 10, 15, and 20 mg/kg doses of resveratrol on the levels of parathyroid hormone, phosphorous, and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) in rat urine samples after 2 months of adenine administration were analyzed using an auto-analyzer. Results: Resveratrol treatment significantly inhibited the adenine-mediated increase in serum parathyroid hormone, phosphorous and FGF-23 levels (p < 0.002). In rats treated with 10, 15 and 20 mg/kg doses of resveratrol after adenine, urine protein/creatinine ratio was reduced to 5, 675.6 +/- 2453.7, 4, 789.8 +/- 1,534.9, and 1, 965 +/- 576.8 mg/g, respectively. In the untreated and normal control groups, the respective values were 7, 004 +/- 1, 653.3 and 1, 627.5 +/- 568.7 mg/g. Treatment with resveratrol after administration of adenine inhibited increases in creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and uric acid levels in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.002). Resveratrol treatment also inhibited adenine-mediated increases in monocytes and inflammatory cells. Furthermore, resveratrol prevented renal tubule swelling and expansion induced by adenine administration. Conclusion: Resveratrol treatment prevent the renal pathological changes induced by adenine administration in a rat model of CKD by inhibiting FGF-23, parathyroid hormone, and phosphate. Thus, resveratrol may be of therapeutic importance for the treatment of CKD.