An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Surgical Treatment Methods Used for Cervical Spondylosis

AIM: To evaluate the preoperative and postoperative clinical and radiological findings of patients treated surgically for cervical spondylosis. MATERIAL and METHODS: The patients included in the study (n=32) were divided into three groups according to their preferred surgical approach. These surgical approaches are posterior cervical laminectomy, posterior cervical laminectomy plus fusion, and anterior approach. Then, pre-and postoperative modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association Myelopathy (mJOA) scores, TorgPavlov ratios measured on direct cervical radiography, and pre-and postoperative lordosis angles were recorded. The data obtained were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: The radiological examinations revealed that the average preoperative Torg-Pavlov ratio was < 1 in 29 patients. The average sagittal spinal canal diameter was 9 mm, and myelomalacia was detected in 25 patients. Postoperative mJOA scores in patients who underwent anterior corpectomy and fusion and posterior laminectomy were statistically significant (p<0.05). The highest symptomatic recovery rate was found in patients with preoperative neck pain. This finding was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Changes in the postoperative lordosis angles and recovery rates were also observed, depending on the preferred surgical approach. CONCLUSION: If there is no kyphotic deformity or straightening of the cervical lordosis, a posterior laminectomy can be performed to avoid the long-term complications caused by an anterior corpectomy. It should be kept in mind that multi-segment and wide laminectomies may cause instability problems.