Aging phenotype and its relationship with IGF-I gene promoter polymorphisms in elderly people living in Catalonia

Objectives: Genetic variations in the Insulin/IGF-I genes pathway have been related to longevity, dementia, metabolic diseases and cancer. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the 192 bp allele of IGF-I gene promoter and its relationship with metabolic syndrome (MS) components, mental and nutritional state, muscle strength and functional capacity in an aged Spanish population. Design: Population-based study (Mataro Ageing Study), including 292 subjects (144 men and 148 women, mean age 77.0 +/- 5.4). Anthropometric variables, lipid profile, glucose and blood pressure (BP) were measured; mental state (MMSE), nutritional state (MNA) and Barthel scale were performed, and were correlated to the presence of the 192 bp allele of IGF-1 gene promoter polymorphisms. Results: MS (ATP-III criteria) was found in 49.5% (41.4% in men and 57.6% in women). The 192 bp allele of IGF-I gene promoter was distributed as: 41.9% homozygous, 44.3% heterozygous and 13.9% were non-carriers of this allele. A lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome was observed in homozygous (41.9% vs 54.9% in heterozygous + non-carriers, p = 0.031). Mental state (MMSE), nutritional state (MNA) and Barthel scale were better in homozygous individuals compared to heterozygous and non-carriers (p = 0.015, p = 0.026 and 0.047, respectively). In men, MNA was better in homozygous with no differences in MMSE and Barthel scales. In homozygous women, BP was lower (p = 0.009) and Barthel scale was better (p = 0.05) with no differences in MMSE and MNA. Conclusion: Homozygosity for the 192 bp allele of the IGF-I gene polymorphism suggests a healthier aging condition, with less prevalence of cardiometabolic disturbances, and better mental, nutritional and functional state. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.