This study aims to identify the factors underlying the structural equation model of polygamy review in Islamic education and the most influential impact on the structural equation model of polygamy my review in the Islamic education of Parepare City, South Sulawesi Province. There were eight (8) participants in this study who were selected using purposive techniques based on the the characteristics of the subjects through clustering of four (4) subdistricts, namely Ujung, Soreang, Bacukiki and Bacukiki Barat. This study used mixed method by combining between qualitative and quantitative methods with multi-case study approach through Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results of this study indicate that the issue of polygamy frequently leads to polemics and raises a variety of opinions among the public. The image of a polygamous family certainly invites controversy and depicts the heartbreaking story behind the marriage. Polygamy may result in wives lose their sense of trust in their husbands, increase suspicion and jealousy, children experience emotional suffering for mutual love, lack of attention, hatred and even economic downturn. Thus, the decision to do or not to do polygamy is mostly based on the idea that whether polygamy bringsmore advantages or disadvantages regardless of the permissibility by law and religious law.