The melanogenesis and mechanisms of skin-lightening agents - existing and new approaches

被引:290
作者
Gillbro, J. M. [1 ]
Olsson, M. J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Oriflame Cosmet Skin Res Inst, SE-10139 Stockholm, Sweden
关键词
adrenergic; melanogenesis; skin lightening; tyrosinase; vitiligo; MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONE; MICROPHTHALMIA GENE-PRODUCT; HUMAN EPIDERMAL MELANOCYTES; TYROSINASE-RELATED PROTEIN; CULTURED HUMAN MELANOCYTES; TRANS-RETINOIC ACID; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; GLYCOLIC ACID; IN-VITRO;
D O I
10.1111/j.1468-2494.2010.00616.x
中图分类号
O69 [应用化学];
学科分类号
081704 ;
摘要
Synopsis Skin-lightening products are commercially available for cosmetic purposes to obtain lighter skin complexion. Clinically, they are also used for treatment of hyperpigmentary disorders such as melasma, cafe au lait spot and solar lentigo. All of these target naturally melanin production, and many of the commonly used agents are known as competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase, one of the key enzymes in melanogenesis. In this review, we present an overview of commonly used skin-whitening ingredients that are commercialized, but we also hypothesize on other mechanisms that could be important targets to control skin pigmentation such as for example regulation of the adrenergic and glutaminergic signalling and also control of tetrahydrobiopterins in the human skin.Resume Les produits eclaircissants sont disponibles dans le commerce pour des buts cosmetiques afin d'obtenir un tient plus clair. Ils sont egalement utilises en clinique, pour le traitement de troubles hyper pigmentaires comme le melasma, les taches cafe au lait et le lentigo solaire. Tous ces produits ont pour cible la production naturelle de melanine et beaucoup de ceux generalement utilises sont reconnus comme des inhibiteurs competitifs de la tyrosinase, une des enzymes cles de la melanogenese. Dans cette revue, nous presentons une vue d'ensemble des ingredients generalement utilises et commercialises comme blanchissant cutanes mais nous formulons aussi l'hypothese que d'autres mecanismes pourraient etre des cibles importantes pour controler la pigmentation de la peau comme par exemple la regulation du signal adrenergique et glutaminergique ou le controle des tetrahydrobiopterines dans la peau humaine.
引用
收藏
页码:210 / 221
页数:12
相关论文
共 142 条
[111]   REGULATION OF MELANIN BIOSYNTHESIS IN THE HUMAN EPIDERMIS BY TETRAHYDROBIOPTERIN [J].
SCHALLREUTER, KU ;
WOOD, JM ;
PITTELKOW, MR ;
GUTLICH, M ;
LEMKE, KR ;
RODL, W ;
SWANSON, NN ;
HITZEMANN, K ;
ZIEGLER, I .
SCIENCE, 1994, 263 (5152) :1444-1446
[112]   THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE INDUCTION COINCIDES WITH MELANIN BIOSYNTHESIS IN BROWN AND BLACK GUINEA-PIGS AND IN MURINE MELANOMA-CELLS [J].
SCHALLREUTER, KU ;
LEMKE, KR ;
HILL, HZ ;
WOOD, JM .
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY, 1994, 103 (06) :820-824
[113]  
Schallreuter KU, 1999, ANN NY ACAD SCI, V885, P329
[114]   THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE - ROLE IN FREE-RADICAL REDUCTION IN DIFFERENT HYPOPIGMENTATION DISORDERS [J].
SCHALLREUTER, KU ;
HORDINSKY, MK ;
WOOD, JM .
ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY, 1987, 123 (05) :615-619
[115]   PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN-DERIVED PEPTIDES ARE SYNTHESIZED AND RELEASED BY HUMAN KERATINOCYTES [J].
SCHAUER, E ;
TRAUTINGER, F ;
KOCK, A ;
SCHWARZ, A ;
BHARDWAJ, R ;
SIMON, M ;
ANSEL, JC ;
SCHWARZ, T ;
LUGER, TA .
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, 1994, 93 (05) :2258-2262
[116]   The proteinase-activated receptor-2 mediates phagocytosis in a Rho-dependent manner in human keratinocytes [J].
Scott, G ;
Leopardi, S ;
Parker, L ;
Babiarz, L ;
Seiberg, M ;
Han, RJ .
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY, 2003, 121 (03) :529-541
[117]   The protease-activated receptor 2 regulates pigmentation via keratinocyte-melanocyte interactions [J].
Seiberg, M ;
Paine, C ;
Sharlow, E ;
Andrade-Gordon, P ;
Costanzo, M ;
Eisinger, M ;
Shapiro, SS .
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH, 2000, 254 (01) :25-32
[118]  
Sharlow ER, 2000, J CELL SCI, V113, P3093
[119]   An Epinephrine-Dependent Mechanism for the Control of UV-Induced Pigmentation [J].
Sivamani, Raja K. ;
Porter, Scott M. ;
Isseroff, R. Rivkah .
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY, 2009, 129 (03) :784-787
[120]   Preservation of eumelanin hair pigmentation in proopiomelanocortin-deficient mice on a nonagouti (a/a) genetic background [J].
Slominski, A ;
Plonka, PM ;
Pisarchik, A ;
Smart, JL ;
Tolle, V ;
Wortsman, J ;
Low, MJ .
ENDOCRINOLOGY, 2005, 146 (03) :1245-1253