Observer-based Controller for an Electric Vehicle with Hybrid Energy Storage

In this work, we present an observer-based controller for an electric vehicle (EV) with hybrid energy storage system (HESS). We use a passivity-based controller, that relies on an observer to reduce the number of sensors, filter measured variables and estimate the current demanded by the vehicle. The observer chosen is a Kalman-Like observer design for nonuniformly observable systems that rely on persistent input to guarantee the system observability. Illustrations from numerical simulations show the performance of the control strategy during a standard driving cycle.