In vitro screening of phytochemicals, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activity of Echinops setifer extract

Medicinal plants expose a specific capacity in drug discovery due to their therapeutic capability that can cover the uncertainties and deficiency of modern medication by in vitro documents. This study was conducted to assess the functional groups, total phenolic and total flavonoid compounds, the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activity of Echinops setifer extract. Hence, functional groups in the ethanolic extract of Echinops setifer were analyzed by FT-IR analysis. The total phenolic compounds (TPC), flavonoid compounds (TFC), and the antioxidant activity of Echinops setifer were determined. The antiproliferative activity of the extract was elucidated against HT-29 cell lines through the intensification in concentrations. More ever, the antimicrobial potential of the extract in the lowest concentration developed the inhibition zone against all the studied bacteria except Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi, in both DDA and WDA methods. Listeria innocua by DDA method and Staphylococcus aureus through WDA method illustrated the highest inhibition zone in the maximum extract concentration. The MIC and MBC of ethanolic extract of E. setifer for Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria innocua, Bacillus cereus, P. aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and S. typhi were reported. Compelling, this research exposed that Echinops setifer extract had a great potential to fight free radical chain reaction, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity leading to a high value in the application for usage in therapeutic purposes.