Assessment of arsenic concentration along a surface water flow path from Zarshuran gold mine to the downstream residential area

Arsenic is one of the most important toxic metalloids that can be mainly found in gold mining areas. As a significant zone in the Takab mining area, Zarshuran gold mine has a drastic effect on the environment because of arsenic contamination. This study evaluated the arsenic concentrations in different parts of a water flow path from the mine to the residential area. Different factors that have a possible impact on arsenic content in water and soil were also evaluated. Water and sediment samples were taken throughout the water flow path, and the locations of the samples were recorded by a global positioning system. The arsenic and iron contents of the samples were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results indicated a high amount of arsenic in all samples, especially in those taken near the mine (originated place). In most of the samples, the concentration of arsenic was hundreds of times more than the allowed limit. Arsenic content was decreased throughout the water path, and a high amount of iron was found, where the total arsenic of soil was high.