Role of immune responses for extracellular matrix remodeling in the ischemic brain

被引:35
作者
Dzyubenko, Egor [1 ]
Manrique-Castano, Daniel [1 ]
Kleinschnitz, Christoph [1 ]
Faissner, Andreas [2 ]
Hermann, Dirk M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Hosp Essen, Dept Neurol, Hufelandstr 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany
[2] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Biol & Biotechnol, Dept Cell Morphol & Mol Neurobiol, Bochum, Germany
关键词
ischemic stroke; extracellular matrix; neuroinflammation; neuroplasticity; CHONDROITIN SULFATE PROTEOGLYCANS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; TENASCIN-C; GLIAL SCAR; REACTIVE ASTROCYTES; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; T-CELLS; SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY; NEURITE OUTGROWTH;
D O I
10.1177/1756286418818092
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Neuroinflammation is one of the key components contributing to the devastating outcome of ischemic stroke. Starting with stroke onset, inflammatory processes contribute both to cell damage and tissue remodeling. The early release of alarmins triggers the upregulation of multiple proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in the compromised integrity of the blood-brain barrier. From this moment on, the infiltration of peripheral immune cells, reactive gliosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) alterations become intricately intertwined and act as one unit during the tissue remodeling. While the mechanisms of leukocyte and glia activation are amply reviewed, the field of ECM modification remains as yet under explored. In this review, we focus on the interplay between neuroinflammatory cascades and ECM in the ischemic brain. By summarizing the currently available evidence obtained by in vitro research, animal experimentation and human studies, we aim to propose a new direction for the future investigation of stroke recovery.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 11
页数:11
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