Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus among San Francisco injection drug users, 1998 to 2000

被引:49
作者
Tseng, Fan-Chen
O'Brien, Thomas R.
Zhang, Mingdong
Kral, Alex H.
Ortiz-Conde, Betty A.
Lorvick, Jennifer
Busch, Michael P.
Edlin, Brian R.
机构
[1] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
[2] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Emerging Infect Dis, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
[3] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[4] Sci Applicat Int Corp, AIDS Vaccine Program, Viral Epidemiol Sect, Frederick, MD USA
[5] NCI, Frederick, MD 21701 USA
[6] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA
[7] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY USA
关键词
D O I
10.1002/hep.21765
中图分类号
R57 [消化系及腹部疾病];
学科分类号
摘要
Previous studies suggest that most injection drug users (IDUs) become infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) soon after initiating drug use. The Urban Health Study (UHS) recruited serial cross-sections of IDUs in the San Francisco Bay area from 1986 to 2005. In the current study, we determined the prevalence of antibody to HCV and HBV (core) among UHS participants during 1998 to 2000. To examine whether the time from onset of injection to acquisition of viral hepatitis has increased, we also compared the findings among recent (< 10 years) initiates to drug use who participated during 19982000 with those who participated in 1987. Of 2,296 IDUs who participated during 19982000, 91.1% had antibody to HCV and 80.5% to HBV. The number of years a person had injected drugs strongly predicted infection with either virus (P-trend < 0.0001). HCV seroprevalence among recent initiates in 1998-2000, by years of injection drug use, was: :52, 46.8%; 3 to 5, 72.4%; 6 to 9, 71.3%. By comparison, HCV seroprevalence among 1987 participants was: :52 years, 75.9%; 3 to 5, 85.7%; 6 to 9, 91.1% (P < 0.0001). A consistent pattern was observed for HBV (P < 0.0001), and these findings were not explained by demographic differences between 1987 and 1998-2000 participants. During 1987, however, 58.7% of recent initiates had shared syringes within the past 30 days compared with 33.6% during 1998-2000 (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: HCV and HBV seroprevalence among newer initiates to injection drug use in the San Francisco Bay area decreased markedly between 1987 and 1998-2000. This decrease coincided with the implementation of prevention activities among this population.
引用
收藏
页码:666 / 671
页数:6
相关论文
共 28 条
[11]   Viral infections in short-term injection drug users: The prevalence of the hepatitis C, hepatitis B, human immunodeficiency, and human T-lymphotropic viruses [J].
Garfein, RS ;
Vlahov, D ;
Galai, N ;
Doherty, MC ;
Nelson, KE .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 1996, 86 (05) :655-661
[12]   Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis C virus infection among young adult injection drug users [J].
Garfein, RS ;
Doherty, MC ;
Monterroso, ER ;
Thomas, DL ;
Nelson, KE ;
Vlahov, D .
JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES, 1998, 18 :S11-S19
[13]   TREATING DRUG PROBLEMS [J].
GERSTEIN, DR ;
LEWIN, LS .
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 1990, 323 (12) :844-848
[14]  
Hagan H, 1999, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V149, P203, DOI 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009792
[15]   Hepatitis C virus infection and needle exchange use among young injection drug users in San Francisco [J].
Hahn, JA ;
Page-Shafer, K ;
Lum, P ;
Ochoa, K ;
Moss, AR .
HEPATOLOGY, 2001, 34 (01) :180-187
[16]   Trends in human immunodeficiency virus seroincidence among street-recruited injection drug users in San Francisco, 1987-1998 [J].
Kral, AH ;
Lorvick, J ;
Gee, L ;
Bacchetti, P ;
Rawal, B ;
Busch, M ;
Edlin, BR .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 2003, 157 (10) :915-922
[17]   Sexual transmission of HIV-1 among injection drug users in San Francisco, USA: risk-factor analysis [J].
Kral, AH ;
Bluthenthal, RN ;
Lorvick, J ;
Gee, L ;
Bacchetti, P ;
Edlin, BR .
LANCET, 2001, 357 (9266) :1397-1401
[18]   SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS-B VIRUS IN A POPULATION OF INJECTING DRUG-USERS - ASSOCIATION WITH DRUG INJECTION PATTERNS [J].
LEVINE, OS ;
VLAHOV, D ;
KOEHLER, J ;
COHN, S ;
SPRONK, AM ;
NELSON, KE .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 1995, 142 (03) :331-341
[19]  
López-Zetina J, 2001, ADDICTION, V96, P589, DOI 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.9645897.x
[20]  
Lorvick J, 2001, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V91, P46, DOI 10.2105/AJPH.91.1.46