Integrin adhesion drives the emergent polarization of active cytoskeletal stresses to pattern cell delamination

被引:27
作者
Meghana, C. [1 ]
Ramdas, Nisha [2 ]
Hameed, Feroz Meeran [2 ]
Rao, Madan [2 ,3 ]
Shivashankar, G. V. [2 ,4 ,5 ]
Narasimha, Maithreyi [1 ]
机构
[1] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Dept Biol Sci, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India
[2] Natl Ctr Biol Sci, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India
[3] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India
[4] Natl Univ Singapore, Mechanobiol Inst, Singapore 117411, Singapore
[5] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117411, Singapore
关键词
cell extrusion; cell mechanics; tissue dynamics; wound-healing; DORSAL CLOSURE; EPITHELIAL MORPHOGENESIS; TISSUE MORPHOGENESIS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; DROSOPHILA EMBRYOS; LASER MICROSURGERY; FOCAL ADHESIONS; MYOSIN-II; FORCES; DYNAMICS;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.1018652108
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Tissue patterning relies on cellular reorganization through the interplay between signaling pathways and mechanical stresses. Their integration and spatiotemporal coordination remain poorly understood. Here we investigate the mechanisms driving the dynamics of cell delamination, diversely deployed to extrude dead cells or specify distinct cell fates. We show that a local mechanical stimulus (subcellular laser perturbation) releases cellular prestress and triggers cell delamination in the amnioserosa during Drosophila dorsal closure, which, like spontaneous delamination, results in the rearrangement of nearest neighbors around the delaminating cell into a rosette. We demonstrate that a sequence of "emergent cytoskeletal polarities" in the nearest neighbors (directed myosin flows, lamellipodial growth, polarized actomyosin collars, microtubule asters), triggered by the mechanical stimulus and dependent on integrin adhesion, generate active stresses that drive delamination. We interpret these patterns in the language of active gels as asters formed by active force dipoles involving surface and body stresses generated by each cell and liken delamination to mechanical yielding that ensues when these stresses exceed a threshold. We suggest that differential contributions of adhesion, cytoskeletal, and external stresses must underlie differences in spatial pattern.
引用
收藏
页码:9107 / 9112
页数:6
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