Vitamin D-enhanced eggs are protective of wintertime serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in a randomized controlled trial of adults

被引:47
作者
Hayes, Aoife [1 ]
Duffy, Sarah [4 ]
O'Grady, Michael [2 ]
Jakobsen, Jette [5 ]
Galvin, Karen [1 ]
Teahan-Dillon, Joanna [1 ]
Kerry, Joseph [2 ]
Kelly, Alan [4 ]
O'Doherty, John [4 ]
Higgins, Siobhan [1 ]
Seamans, Kelly M. [1 ]
Cashman, Kevin D. [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Coll Cork, Cork Ctr Ctr Vitamin D & Nutr Res, Cork, Ireland
[2] Univ Coll Cork, Sch Food & Nutr Sci, Muscle Foods Res Grp, Cork, Ireland
[3] Univ Coll Cork, Dept Med, Cork, Ireland
[4] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Dublin, Ireland
[5] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Food Inst, Soborg, Denmark
关键词
bioaddition; RCT; vitamin D deficiency; vitamin D-enhanced eggs; 25(OH)D; DIETARY REQUIREMENT; D DEFICIENCY; D-3; FORTIFICATION; NUTRITION; FEED;
D O I
10.3945/ajcn.116.132530
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Background: Despite numerous animal studies that have illustrated the impact of additional vitamin D in the diet of hens on the resulting egg vitamin D content, the effect of the consumption of such eggs on vitamin D status of healthy individuals has not, to our knowledge, been tested. Objective: We performed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to investigate the effect of the consumption of vitamin D enhanced eggs (produced by feeding hens at the maximum concentration of vitamin D-3 or serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D-3] lawfully allowed in feed) on winter serum 25(OH)D in healthy adults. Design: We conducted an 8-wk winter RCT in adults aged 45-70 y (n = 55) who were stratified into 3 groups and were requested to consume <= 2 eggs/wk (control group, in which status was expected to decline), 7 vitamin D3 enhanced eggs/wk, or seven 25(OH)D-3-enhanced eggs/wk. Serum 25(OH)D was the primary outcome. Results: Although there was no significant difference (P > 0.1; ANOVA) in the mean preintervention serum 25(OH)D in the 3 groups, it was similar to 7-8 nmol/L lower in the control group than in the 2 groups who consumed vitamin D enhanced eggs. With the use of an ANCOVA, in which baseline 25(OH)D was accounted for, vitamin D3 egg and 25(OH)D-3-egg groups were shown to have had significantly higher (P <= 0.005) postintervention serum 25(OH)D than in the control group. With the use of a within-group analysis, it was shown that, although serum 25(OH)D in the control group significantly decreased over winter (mean +/- SD: -6.4 +/- 6.7 nmol/L; P = 0.001), there was no change in the 2 groups who consumed vitamin D enhanced eggs (P > 0.1 for both). Conclusion: Weekly consumption of 7 vitamin D enhanced eggs has an important impact on winter vitamin D status in adults.
引用
收藏
页码:629 / 637
页数:9
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