Thermal SiO radio line emission towards M-type AGB stars:: A probe of circumstellar dust formation and dynamics

被引:118
|
作者
Delgado, DG
Olofsson, H [1 ]
Kerschbaum, F
Schöier, FL
Lindqvist, M
Groenewegen, MAT
机构
[1] AlbaNova, Stockholm Observ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[2] Inst Astron, A-1180 Vienna, Austria
[3] Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
[4] Onsala Space Observ, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden
[5] PACS ICC, Inst Sterrenkunde, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium
关键词
stars : AGB and post-AGB; circumstellar matter; stars : mass-loss; stars : late-type; radio lines : stars;
D O I
10.1051/0004-6361:20031068
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
An extensive radiative transfer analysis of circumstellar SiO "thermal" radio line emission from a large sample of M-type AGB stars has been performed. The sample contains 18 irregulars of type Lb (IRV), 7 and 34 semiregulars of type SRa and SRb (SRV), respectively, and 12 Miras. New observational data, which contain spectra of several ground vibrational state SiO rotational lines, are presented. The detection rate was about 60% (44% for the IRVs, and 68% for the SRVs). SiO fractional abundances have been determined through radiative transfer modelling. The abundance distribution of the IRV/SRV sample has a median value of 6x10(-6), and a minimum of 2x10(-6) and a maximum of 5x10(-5). The high mass-loss rate Miras have a much lower median abundance, less than or similar to10(-6). The derived SiO abundances are in all cases well below the abundance expected from stellar atmosphere equilibrium chemistry, on average by a factor of ten. In addition, there is a trend of decreasing SiO abundance with increasing mass-loss rate. This is interpreted in terms of depletion of SiO molecules by the formation of silicate grains in the circumstellar envelopes, with an efficiency which is high already at low mass-loss rates and which increases with the mass-loss rate. The high mass-loss rate Miras appear to have a bimodal SiO abundance distribution, a low abundance group (on average 4x10(-7)) and a high abundance group (on average 5x10(-6)). The estimated SiO envelope sizes agree well with the estimated SiO photodissociation radii using an unshielded photodissociation rate of 2.5x10(-10) s(-1). The SiO and CO radio line profiles differ in shape. In general, the SiO line profiles are narrower than the CO line profiles, but they have low-intensity wings which cover the full velocity range of the CO line profile. This is interpreted as partly an effect of selfabsorption in the SiO lines, and partly (as has been done also by others) as due to the influence of gas acceleration in the region which produces a significant fraction of the SiO line emission. Finally, a number of sources which have peculiar CO line profiles are discussed from the point of view of their SiO line properties.
引用
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页码:123 / 147
页数:25
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