An Evaluation of the Biocatalyst for the Synthesis and Application of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Water Remediation-A Review

被引：18

作者：

Zikalala, Nkosingiphile E. ^{[1
,2
]}

Azizi, Shohreh ^{[1
,2
]}

Zikalala, Sithembela A. ^{[3
]}

Kamika, Ilunga ^{[3
]}

Maaza, Malik ^{[1
,2
]}

Zinatizadeh, Ali Akbar ^{[4
]}

Mokrani, Touhami ^{[5
]}

Kaviyarasu, Kasinathan ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ South Africa, Coll Grad Studies, UNESCO UNISA Africa Chair Nanosci & Nanotechnol La, POB 392, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa

[2] iThemba LABS Natl Res Fdn, Nanosci African Network NANOAFNET Mat Res Dept, POB 722, ZA-7129 Cape Town, South Africa

[3] Univ South Africa, Inst Nanotechnol & Water Sustainabil, Coll Sci Engn & Technol, ZA-1709 Johannesburg, South Africa

[4] Razi Univ, Environm Res Ctr, Dept Appl Chem, POB 67144-14971, Kermanshah, Iran

[5] Univ South Africa, Dept Chem Engn, Private Bag X6, ZA-1709 Johannesburg, South Africa

来源：

CATALYSTS | 2022年 / 12卷 / 11期

关键词：

green synthesis; zinc oxide nanoparticles; antimicrobial approaches; photocatalytic activities; phytosynthesis; biosynthesis; PLANT-MEDIATED SYNTHESIS; WET CHEMICAL-SYNTHESIS; ZNO NANOPARTICLES; GREEN SYNTHESIS; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; METHYLENE-BLUE; PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES; BIOLOGICAL SYNTHESIS; BIOGENIC SYNTHESIS;

D O I：

10.3390/catal12111442

中图分类号：

O64 [物理化学（理论化学）、化学物理学];

学科分类号：

070304 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Global water scarcity is threatening the lives of humans, and it is exacerbated by the contamination of water, which occurs because of increased industrialization and soaring population density. The available conventional physical and chemical water treatment techniques are hazardous to living organisms and are not environmentally friendly, as toxic chemical elements are used during these processes. Nanotechnology has presented a possible way in which to solve these issues by using unique materials with desirable properties. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) can be used effectively and efficiently for water treatment, along with other nanotechnologies. Owing to rising concerns regarding the environmental unfriendliness and toxicity of nanomaterials, ZnO NPs have recently been synthesized through biologically available and replenishable sources using a green chemistry or green synthesis protocol. The green-synthesized ZnO NPs are less toxic, more eco-friendly, and more biocompatible than other chemically and physically synthesized materials. In this article, the biogenic synthesis and characterization techniques of ZnO NPs using plants, bacteria, fungi, algae, and biological derivatives are reviewed and discussed. The applications of the biologically prepared ZnO NPs, when used for water treatment, are outlined. Additionally, their mechanisms of action, such as the photocatalytic degradation of dyes, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the generation of compounds such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, Zn2+ release to degrade microbes, as well as their adsorbent properties with regard to heavy metals and other contaminants in water bodies, are explained. Furthermore, challenges facing the green synthesis of these nanomaterials are outlined. Future research should focus on how nanomaterials should reach the commercialization stage, and suggestions as to how this ought to be achieved are presented.

引用

页数：43

共 236 条

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