Slovakian Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.):: Potential for cultivation

Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) is a widely distributed species endemic in Europe. It grows up to altitudes of 1400 m. This species is highly tolerant of abiotic and biotic factors, and is able to survive and bring good crops even under sub-optimal growth conditions. Cornelian cherry tolerates temperatures as low as - 40 degrees C, and can achieve an age of 300 years. Bloom time begins early in the spring and an ample amount of pollen,is released. Fruits are very valuable for fresh consumption and for processing to produce syrups, juices, jams and other traditional products. This species has significant potential for cultivation in monoculture. In our studies, 250 ecotypes of the Gemer Region were evaluated. The selections had fruit weights from 0.5 to 3.4 g, fruit lengths from 12.0 to 19.5 mm, fruit widths of 7.4 to 15.2 mm, vitamin C content between 16.4 to 38.5 mg, total sugars 6.5 to 15.5 %, organic acids 4.6 to 7.4 %, pH 2.7 to 3.2, seed lipids of 4.6 %, flesh lipids of 0.3 %, linoleic acid in the seed 67.3 % and in the flesh 36.5 %. Significant variability was found in other constituents as well. Based on this evaluation several genotypes were selected for potential release.