Cytotoxicity of set polymer nanocomposite resin root-end filling materials

P>Aim To evaluate the cytotoxicity of two forms of the novel root-end filling materials, polymer nanocomposite (PNC) resins [C-18 Amine montmorillonate (MMT) and VODAC MMT] both containing Chlorhexidine Diacetate Salt Hydrate 2%, and to compare it to that of two widely accepted commercially available materials, ProRoot (R) MTA and Geristore (R). Methodology Elutes of experimental materials extracted after 24 h, 1, 2 and 3 weeks were interacted with the mouse fibroblasts L-929 using a colorimetric cell viability assay (MTS) based on mitochondrial dehydrogenases activity. Using 100% and 50% concentrations of the extracted elutes of the experimental materials the effect of different concentrations of elutes on the cells was analysed. In the positive control group Hygrogold (R) was added to the cell culture to arrest cells bioactivity. In the negative control group, fresh Dulbecco's Eagle's minimum essential medium supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum was used to enhance cell bioactivity. Differences in mean bioactivity values were assessed using a t-test and one-way anova (P < 0.05). Results No significant difference was found in cytotoxicity between ProRoot (R) MTA, Geristore (R) and PNC resin C-18 Amine MMT on 24 h, 1, 2 and 3 weeks samples. Sample elutes of PNC resin VODAC MMT, however, revealed cytotoxic activity during most of these experiments. Conclusion Cytotoxicity of the elutes of PNC resin C-18 Amine MMT was not significantly different from that of ProRoot (R) and Geristore (R). PNC resin VODAC MMT, revealed significantly more cytotoxicity compared to the other tested materials.