Altered Bidirectional Plasticity and Reduced Implicit Motor Learning in Concussed Athletes

被引:105
作者
De Beaumont, Louis [1 ,2 ]
Tremblay, Sebastien [1 ]
Poirier, Judes [2 ]
Lassonde, Maryse [1 ,3 ]
Theoret, Hugo [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Montreal, Dept Psychol, Ctr Rech Neuropsychol & Cognit CERNEC, Montreal, PQ H2V 2S9, Canada
[2] McGill Univ, Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Montreal, PQ H4H 1R3, Canada
[3] CHU St Justine, Montreal, PQ H3S 2G5, Canada
关键词
GABA system; neurophysiology; paired associative stimulation; sports concussion; synaptic plasticity; TMS; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; GABA(B) RECEPTOR AGONIST; THETA-BURST STIMULATION; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; UNAFFECTED HEMISPHERE; CORTICAL INHIBITION; SPORTS CONCUSSION; CORTEX;
D O I
10.1093/cercor/bhr096
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Persistent motor/cognitive alterations and increased prevalence of Alzheimer's disease are known consequences of recurrent sports concussions, the most prevalent cause of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) among youth. Animal models of TBI demonstrated that impaired learning was related to persistent synaptic plasticity suppression in the form of long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD). In humans, single and repeated concussive injuries lead to lifelong and cumulative enhancements of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition, which is known to suppress LTP/LTD plasticity. To test the hypothesis that increased GABAergic inhibition after repeated concussions suppresses LTP/LTD and contributes to learning impairments, we used a paired associative stimulation (PAS) protocol to induce LTP/LTD-like effects in primary motor cortex (M1) jointly with an implicit motor learning task (serial reaction time task, SRTT). Our results indicate that repeated concussions induced persistent elevations of GABA(B)-mediated intracortical inhibition in M1, which was associated with suppressed PAS-induced LTP/LTD-like synaptic plasticity. This synaptic plasticity suppression was related to reduced implicit motor learning on the SRTT task relative to normal LTP/LTD-like synaptic plasticity in unconcussed teammates. These findings identify GABA neurotransmission alterations after repeated concussions and suggest that impaired learning after multiple concussions could at least partly be related to compromised GABA-dependent LTP/LTD synaptic plasticity.
引用
收藏
页码:112 / 121
页数:10
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