The Development of an Embedded Figures Test for the Detection of Feigned Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adulthood

被引:17
作者
Fuermaier, Anselm B. M. [1 ]
Tucha, Oliver [1 ]
Koerts, Janneke [1 ]
Grabski, Meryem [1 ]
Lange, Klaus W. [2 ]
Weisbrod, Matthias [3 ,4 ]
Aschenbrenner, Steffen [5 ]
Tucha, Lara [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Groningen, Dept Clin & Dev Neuropsychol, NL-9712 TS Groningen, Netherlands
[2] Univ Regensburg, Dept Expt Psychol, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
[3] SRH Clin Karlsbad Langensteinbach, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, D-76307 Karlsbad, Germany
[4] Heidelberg Univ, Sect Expt Psychopathol & Neurophysiol, Ctr Psychosocial Med, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
[5] SRH Clin Karlsbad Langensteinbach, Dept Clin Psychol & Neuropsychol, D-76307 Karlsbad, Germany
关键词
SYMPTOM VALIDITY TESTS; DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; ADHD; PERFORMANCE; SAMPLE; INTELLIGENCE; EXAGGERATION; TASK;
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0164297
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Objectives It has been shown that an increasing number of adults deliberately feign attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which demonstrates the need for new tests designed to detect feigned ADHD. Methods An Embedded Figures Test ( EFT) was developed for the detection of feigned ADHD in adulthood. EFT performance of 51 adults with ADHD was compared to the performance of 52 matched healthy individuals, as well as to 268 undergraduate students who were randomly allocated in a simulation design to one of four experimental conditions, i.e. a control group, a naive simulation group, a symptom-coached simulation group or a test-coached simulation group. Furthermore, an independent sample of 11 adults with ADHD as well as a sample of 17 clinicians experienced in the work with adults with ADHD were assessed for further validation of the EFT. Results The EFT was relatively easy to perform for both patients with ADHD and healthy comparisons as shown by low error rates and non-significant group differences. However, simulation groups differed from patients with ADHD by significant and large effects. An EFT index for the prediction of feigned ADHD was derived based on logistic regression coefficients. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) demonstrated good classification accuracy of feigned ADHD relative to ADHD (AUC = 94.8%), i.e. high sensitivity (88%) and specificity (90%). Conclusions This study supports the utility of the EFT for the detection of feigned adult ADHD.
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页数:25
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