Longitudinal analysis of regional grey matter loss in Huntington disease: effects of the length of the expanded CAG repeat

被引:86
作者
Ruocco, H. H. [1 ]
Bonilha, L. [2 ,3 ]
Li, L. M. [1 ]
Lopes-Cendes, I. [1 ]
Cendes, F. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Estadual Campinas, Fac Ciencias Med, Dept Neurol, Sao Paulo, Brazil
[2] Univ S Carolina, Dept Neuropsychiat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
[3] Univ S Carolina, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1136/jnnp.2007.116244
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Background: The mechanisms guiding the progression of neuronal damage in patients with Huntington disease (HD) are not completely understood. It is unclear whether the genotype-that is, the length of the expanded CAG repeat-guides the location and speed of grey matter decline once HD is clinically manifested. Moreover, the relationship between cortical and subcortical grey matter atrophy and the severity of motor symptoms of HD is controversial. Objectives: In this article, we longitudinally studied, over the period of 1 year, a cohort of 49 patients with HD. We investigated: first, the clinical relevance of regional progressive grey matter atrophy; and second, the relationship between the ratio of atrophy progression and genotype. Methods: The length of the expanded CAG repeat was quantified for all patients and the United Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) was used to rate the severity of clinical symptoms. Grey matter atrophy was determined using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of brain MRI. Progression of atrophy was quantified in 37 patients who were submitted to two different MRI scans, the second scan 1 year later than the first. Results: Overall, patients exhibited progressive atrophy involving the caudate, pallidum, putamen, insula, cingulate cortex, cerebellum, orbitofrontal cortex, medial temporal lobes and middle frontal gyri. Patients with a larger UHDRS score exhibited selective atrophy of the caudate, thalamus, midbrain, insula and frontal lobes. Patients with longer, expanded CAG repeat sequences showed faster rates and more widespread atrophy, particularly those patients with more than 55 expanded CAG repeats. Conclusions: These results confirm that brain atrophy progresses after the clinical onset of HD and that regional atrophy is related to symptom severity. Moreover, our results also indicate that intensity and rate of progression of brain atrophy are more pronounced in patients with larger, expanded CAG repeat sequences.
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页码:130 / 135
页数:6
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