Enhancing Understanding and Recall of Quantitative Information about Medical Risks: A Cross-Cultural Comparison between Germany and Spain

被引：10

作者：

Garcia-Retamero, Rocio ^{[1
]}

Galesic, Mirta ^{[2
]}

Gigerenzer, Gerd ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Granada, Fac Psicol, Dept Psicol Expt, E-18071 Granada, Spain

[2] Max Planck Inst Human Dev, Berlin, Germany

来源：

SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY | 2011年 / 14卷 / 01期

关键词：

medical risks; Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA); risk perception; risk communication; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; LIFE EXPECTANCY; HEALTH-RISK; NUMERACY; FORMATS; REDUCTION; DECISIONS; NUMBERS; OBESITY; BENEFIT;

D O I：

10.5209/rev_SJOP.2011.v14.n1.19

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学];

学科分类号：

04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

In two experiments, we analyzed cross-cultural differences in understanding and recalling information about medical risks in two countries Germany and Spain whose students differ substantially in their quantitative literacy according to the 2003 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA; OECD, 2003, 2010). We further investigated whether risk understanding can be enhanced by using visual aids (Experiment 1), and whether different ways of describing risks affect recall (Experiment 2). Results showed that Spanish students are more vulnerable to misunderstanding and forgetting the risk information than their German counterparts. Spanish students, however, benefit more than German students from representing the risk information using ecologically rational formats which exploit the way information is represented in the human mind. We concluded that our results can have important implications for clinical practice.

引用

页码：218 / 226

页数：9