Highly conductive electrodes of graphene oxide/natural rubber latex-based electrodes by using a hyper-branched surfactant

A custom-made surfactant called sodium 1,4-bis(neopentyloxy)-3-(neopentyloxycarbonyl)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate (TC14) was used to assist the dispersion of graphene oxide/natural rubber latex (GO/NRL) nanocomposites by the one-step method. NRL was intermixed in the electrolyte during the electrochemical exfoliation of the produced GO. The conductivity of the sample was measured by using a four-point probe measurement and was found to be 2.65 x 10(-4) S cm(-1). The tri-chain of the hyper-branched TC14 surfactant successfully improved the dispersions and conductivity of the GO/NRL nanocomposite. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to study the supercapacitor performance of the nanocomposite. A high capacitance value of 35 F g(-1) was measured from the sample at a scan rate of 100 mV s(-1). The use of low-surface-tension triple-tail TC14 can efficiently adsorb and give triple interactions between the GO and NRL matrix. Meanwhile, a close,comparison study of available commercial surfactant SDS in the fabrication of GO/NRL nanocomposites was also conducted with a similar preparation method. The conductivity obtained for SDS-GO/NRL nanocomposites was lower, which was found to be 2.59 x 10(-7) S cm(-1). Therefore, the introduction of TC14 surfactant can uncover the possibility for the development of low cost, conductive, environmentally friendly, and flexible GO/NRL nanocomposite-based electrode for supercapacitor application. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.