Preparation of CuO and Nb2O5 Co-doped TiO2 Coating on Titanium Implants and Its Antibacterial Properties and Biocompatibility

TiO2, 50% Nb2O5-TiO2 and 1% CuO-49% Nb2O5-TiO2 coatings were prepared on the medical titanium alloy surface by plasma spraying technique. The microstructure, surface roughness, surface wettability and chemical stability of the coating were investigated. The antibacterial properties of the coating were evaluated using S. aureus and E. coli, and the cellular compatibility of the coating was evaluated by mouse preosteoblasts. The results show that the plasma sprayed TiO2 coating mainly consists of rutile and a small amount of anatase phase. Ti0.95N0.95O4 solid solution and special rod-like interweaving structure appears in the 50% Nb2O5-TiO2 and 1% CuO-49% Nb2O5-TiO(2 )coatings. The doping of Nb2O5 and CuO increases the surface roughness, and improves the hydrophilicity of the TiO(2 )coating. The results of cell experiments and antibacterial experiments reveal that the doping of Nb(2)O(5 )improves the cell proliferation and osteogenic activity of osteoblasts. Co-doping Nb2O5 and CuO significantly improves the antibacterial properties of TiO2 coating, while the release of Cu ions reduces the cell compatibility of the 50% Nb2O5-TiO2 coating. However, compared with TiO2 coating, the cell compatibility of the 1% CuO-49% Nb2O5-TiO(2 )coating was not significantly reduced, indicating that doped of Nb2O5 can inhibit the negative effects of Cu ions on cells to some extent.