Simulation, Comparison and Analysis of Wireless Sensor Networks Protocols: LEACH, LEACH-C, LEACH-1R, and HEED

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are made up of tiny sensor nodes which sense the data and communicate to the base station via other nodes. These sensor nodes are inexpensive portable devices with limited processing power and energy resources which make them in need of smart clustering protocols. Many clustering and routing protocols were proposed in the literature to serve large networks of such tiny devices. In this paper, we have implemented and analyzed different clustering protocols, namely LEACH, LEACH-C, LEACH-1R, and HEED using MATLAB environment. These clustering protocols are compared in different terms such as residual energy, data delivery to the base station, maximum number of rounds and the number of live nodes. Experimental results showed a better performance of the LEACH protocols when compared to the different versions of HEED. Moreover, LEACH-1R proved to be efficient in terms of network lifetime.