Clinical evaluation of dental implant rehabilitation in patients with chronic periodontitis

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of dental implant rehabilitation in patients with chronic periodontitis. Methods: A total of 98 patients who had received dental implants rehabilitation were selected as subjects, including 48 patients with chronic periodontitis in the test group and 50 patients without chronic periodontitis in the control group. A clinical retrospective analysis was performed on the effects of dental implant rehabilitation in the two groups. Results: After dental implant rehabilitation, the test group showed a success rate of 90.38% for implantation and a patient satisfaction rate of 88.46% at 6 months; a success rate of 86.54% and a patient satisfaction rate of 84.62% at 12 months, and there were no statistically significant differences between the test and the control groups (all P>0.05). However, the test group showed significantly lower rates of dental implant success and lower patient satisfaction than the control group 36 and 60 months after loading. The satisfaction rate and success rate in the test group were significantly lower than those in the control group (both P<0.05). The alveolar bone resorption values in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 12, 36 and 60 months, respectively (all P<0.05). For the periodontal indexes, there were significant between-group differences in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF), periodontal probing depth (PPD) and modification sulcus bleeding index (mSBI) at 6 months (all P<0.05); but no significant difference in attachment loss (AL) (P>0.05). However, the above four periodontal indexes showed significant differences at 12, 36 and 60 months between the two groups (all P<0.05). Results from comparison of soft tissue aesthetic rehabilitation showed that the pink esthetic score (PES) of the control group (13.35 +/- 3.21) was significantly higher than that of the test group (10.23 +/- 2.94) at 12 months (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with patients without chronic periodontitis, those with chronic periodontitis had an increased failure rate in long-term loading of dental implants. This caused other problems regarding periodontal health, affected the aesthetic outcomes of soft tissue after implantation, and led to lower subjective satisfaction in patients. Hence, the periodontal health of patients should be taken into consideration in dental implant rehabilitation to achieve higher success rates of dental implants and reduce the incidence of complications after implantation.